Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of alkali-soluble polysaccharide from Poria and its application in diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets / 药学学报

In this study, alkali-soluble polysaccharide was extracted from Poria residue, and the structure of alkali-soluble polysaccharide was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The physical morphology of alkali-soluble polysaccharide and ethyl cellulose (EC) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the focus on angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr index, interparticle porosity, cohesion index, Hausner ratio, etc. The physical fingerprints were drawn, and the powder properties were evaluated by multivariate analysis. Diclofenac sodium extended-release tablets were prepared by direct compression method using alkali-soluble polysaccharide and EC as insoluble backbone materials to evaluate the basic properties of the extended-release tablets, investigate the in vitro drug release behavior and study the release mechanism. The results showed that alkali-soluble polysaccharide is a semi-crystalline polymer with smooth lamellar structure, and its stacking and compressibility are stronger than EC. The in vitro release experiments showed that the slow release performance of alkali-soluble polysaccharide is stronger than EC, and the release behavior of the prepared slow release tablets is in accordance with the Higuchi model. The pore structure is formed inside the tablets during the release process, and the release mode is pore diffusion release. The results of this study are of great significance for the development of new slow-release materials and the rational use of resources.

Effects of Total Saponins from Dioscorea Nipponica Makino on Monosodium Urate-Induced M1-Polarized Macrophages through Arachidonic Acid Signaling Pathway: An in vitro Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate and reveal the underlying mechanism of the effect of total saponins from Dioscoreae nipponica Makino (TSDN) on the arachidonic acid pathway in monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced M1-polarized macrophages.@*METHODS@#M1 polarization of RAW264.7 cells were induced by 1 µ g/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method was then used to screen the concentration of TSDN. MSU (500 µ g/mL) was used to induce the gouty arthritis model. Afterwards, 10 µ g/L TSDN and 8 µ mol/L celecoxib, which was used as a positive control, were added to the above LPS and MSU-induced cells for 24 h. The mRNA and protein expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX) 2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase derived eicosanoids (mPGES)-1, leukotriene B (LTB)4, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the contents of M1 markers, including inducible nitric oxid synthase (NOS) 2, CD80, and CD86.@*RESULTS@#TSDN inhibited the proliferation of M1 macrophages and decreased both the mRNA and protein expressions of COX2, 5-LOX, CYP4A, LTB4, and PGE2 (P<0.01) while increased the mRNA and protein expression of mPGES-1 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). TSDN could also significantly decrease the contents of NOS2, CD80, and CD86 (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#TSDN has an anti-inflammation effect on gouty arthritis in an in vitro model by regulating arachidonic acid signaling pathway.

The effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on renal function and quality of life in uremic hemodialysis patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention program suitable for uremic hemodialysis patients, and analyze the impact of the program on renal function and quality of life in uremic hemodialysis patients.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. The convenience sampling method was used to select 92 uremic patients who underwent hemodialysis in the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City from March 2018 to March 2019. They were divided into routine group (46 cases, routine care) and MBSR group (46 cases, MBSR of face-to-face guidance combined with WeChat platform supervision) by random number table method. Both groups were intervened for 8 weeks. The Chinese version of the European Five-Dimensional Scale (EQ-5D-3L) was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients, and the quality of life of the two groups before and after the intervention was compared; and the blood creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urea nitrogen (BUN), cystatin C (CysC) levels of the two groups before and after the intervention were analyzed.Results:Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the levels of Scr, eGFR, BUN, and CysC between the two groups ( P>0.05); after 8 weeks of intervention, the levels of Scr, eGFR, BUN, and CysC were (201.81±14.77) μmol/L, (35.30 ± 2.02) ml/min and (11.47 ± 2.66) mmol/L, (2.41 ± 0.28) mg/L in the MBSR group, (218.37 ± 14.90) μmol/L, (33.99 ± 1.95) ml/min, (12.50 ± 0.76) mmol/L, (2.76 ± 0.30) mg/L in the routine group, the differences were statistically significant between the two groups ( t values were 2.53-5.79, all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in EQ-5D-3L scores between the two groups ( P>0.05); after 8 weeks of intervention, the pain (discomfort), anxiety (depression), Vasual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were (1.17 ± 0.34), (1.02 ± 0.35), (88.57 ± 20.28) points in the MBSR group, and (1.46 ± 0.63), (1.30 ± 0.32), (62.69 ± 18.79) points in the routine group, the differences were statistically significant between the two groups ( t=2.75, 4.00, 6.35, all P<0.05). Scr level was negatively correlated with self-care, pain (discomfort), anxiety (depression), mobility, daily activity ability, and VAS ( r values were -0.481 - -0.214, all P<0.05); eGFR level was positively correlated with self-care, pain (discomfort), anxiety (depression), mobility, daily activity ability, and VAS ( r values were 0.199-0.492, all P<0.05). But BUN and CysC levels were not correlated with EQ-5D-3L score (all P>0.05). Conclusions:MBSR can effectively improve the renal function and quality of life of uremic hemodialysis patients, and it is worthy of clinical application.

The effect and mechanism of metformin on peripheral neuropathy in type 1 diabetic rats / 药学学报

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common microvascular complications occurring in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, which often results in patients suffering from severe hyperalgesia and allodynia. Up to now, the clinical therapeutic effect of DPN is still unsatisfactory. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug that has been safely and widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes for decades. Studies have shown that metformin can improve pain caused by DPN, but its effects on the nerve conduction velocity and morphology of the sciatic nerve of DPN, and the mechanism for improving DPN are not clear. Therefore, the STZ-induced model of type 1 DPN in SD rats was used to study the effects of metformin on DPN, and to preliminarily explore its mechanism in this study. All animal experiments were carried out with approval of the Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College). After the model was established successfully, STZ diabetic rats were randomly divided into a model group and a metformin treatment group, and 10 normal SD rats were selected as the normal control group, and the rats were intragastrically administered for 12 weeks. The results showed that metformin significantly reduced blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, food consumption and water consumption in STZ rats. Metformin markedly increased the motor nerve conduction velocity and mechanical stabbing pain threshold, prolonged the hot plate latency threshold, and improved the pathological morphological abnormalities of the sciatic nerve in STZ rats. In addition, metformin increased the content of glutathione (GSH), enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and sciatic nerve of STZ diabetic rats, as well as regulating the expression of genes related to oxidative stress in the sciatic nerve. Metformin obviously reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the serum in STZ rats, and inhibited the gene expression of these inflammatory factors in the sciatic nerve. In summary, metformin significantly increased nerve conduction velocity, improved sciatic nerve morphological abnormalities and pain in DPN rats, which may be related to its effect in improving oxidative stress and reducing inflammation.

Research on hypoglycemic activity of Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii extract / 药学学报

This study aimed to assess the hypoglycemic activity, and in vitro inhibition of α-glucosidase, inhibition of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and total antioxidant capacity were used to clarify its bioactivity. Furthermore, the potential hypoglycemic active chemical constituents in the aqueous extract of Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii flower were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) method. The result showed that in vitro inhibition of α-glucosidase of the extract (IC50 = 2.11 ± 0.26 mg·mL-1) were similar to acarbose (IC50 = 2.88 ± 0.32 mg·mL-1), and it inhibited the AGEs formation and the total antioxidant capacity in a certain extent. Based on the MS fragmentation pathway analysis of reference chemical acteoside contained in this extract, and related references, 73 constituents were tentatively identified from the aqueous extract of Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii flower, including 58 phenylethanoids, 8 caffeoylquinic acids, 1 flavonoid vicenin-2, and 6 common organic chemicals in plant. Furthermore, 8 unknown alkaloids were characterized in this work. Among of these chemicals, 61 phenylethanoids were supposed to be detected for the first time. In conclusion, this work disclosed the potential hypoglycemic active constituents of Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii flower.

Recent research on the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway in cardiac injury in children with Kawasaki disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

Kawasaki disease (KD), also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is a systemic acute vasculitis belonging to autoimmune disease. Up to now, the specific pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear, and it may involve various factors such as immune response, inflammatory response, and vascular endothelial injury caused by the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In particular, children with KD and cardiac injury tend to have a poor prognosis, and researchers hope to explore the specific pathogenesis of cardiac injury in KD to provide new options for clinical diagnosis and treatment and reduce the incidence rate of this disorder. This article reviews the recent research on the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in cardiac injury in children with KD, so as to provide a basis for future studies.

Effect of Edaravone and dexborneol on oxidative stress pathway in peripheral blood of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Edaravone and dexborneol(Eda.B)on oxidative stress pathway in peripheral blood of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:A total of 87 elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from July 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects.According to the random number table, they were divided into control group(44 cases)and edaravone dexborneol group(43 cases). Each group was divided into <12 h group, 12-24 h group and 24-48 h group according to the time of onset.Peripheral blood was collected in each group at admission and discharge, respectively.The serum levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS), Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1(Keap1), nuclear factor-E2-associated factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6), as well as superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content were detected.Results:Elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke receving Eda.B treatment after admission could reduce the serum concentration of ROS, TNF-α and IL-6, as well as MDA content, and increase the concentration of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 and SOD activity.Except for ROS concentration in <12 h group and SOD activity in <12 h and 12 h-24 h groups, the differences between the other groups were statistically significant( P<0.05 for all). Compared with the control group, the serum concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 of patients in the Eda.B group at discharge decreased, while the concentration of Nrf2(24-48 h group)and HO-1(24-48 h group), and SOD activity increased, the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05 for all). In the control group at discharge, the concentrations of ROS(24-48 h group), TNF-α(<12 h group, 24-48 h group)and IL-6, as well as MDA content decreased, while the concentrations of Keap1, Nrf2(<12 h group, 12-24 h group)and HO-1(<12 h group, 12-24 h group)increased, the differences were also statistically significant( P<0.05 for all). Compared with admission, the concentration of Keap1(24-48 h group)and HO-1(24-48 h group), the activity of SOD(<12 h group, 12-24 h group)increased and the content of MDA(12-24 h group)in the Eda.B group decreased at discharge( P<0.05 for all). Conclusions:Eda.B can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response in peripheral blood of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke by acting on the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.

Identification of the New Psychoactive Substance Eutylone / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish a method to identify unknown sample based on the combined use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS), ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS) and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) technique.@*METHODS@#The unknown sample was directly analyzed by FTIR. The unknown sample was dissolved in methanol solution containing internal standard SKF525A and the supernatant was detected by GC-QTOF-MS and UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS. The unknown sample was dissolved in methanol-d4 solution for structural analysis of 1H-NMR.@*RESULTS@#The characteristic absorption peaks of FTIR spectra obtained from unknown sample were 1 682 (C=O bond), 1 503, 1 488, 1 436, 1 363, 1 256, 1 092, 1 035, 935, 840 and 800 cm-1, the characteristic fragment ions (m/z) of GC-QTOF-MS were 86.096 4 (base peak), 58.065 1, 149.023 5, 121.028 6 and 65.038 6, the accurate mass [M+H]+ detected by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS was 236.127 7. The sample was identified as synthetic cathinone new psychoactive substance Eutylone by 1H-NMR.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The method established in this study can be used for structural confirmation of Eutylone.

Analysis of clinical and pathological features of 29 cases of perforating pilomatricoma / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze clinical and pathological features of childhood perforating pilomatricoma, and to explore its pathogenesis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and histopathological data from 29 children with perforating pilomatricoma in Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children′s Hospital from 2014 to 2020.Results:Among the 29 patients, 11 were males, and 18 were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.64. Their age at onset ranged from 3 months to 14 years and 10 months, and the median age at onset was 4.58 years. The disease duration ranged from 2 months to 2 years, with an average of 8.72 months. The perforation occurred 2 days to 1 year and 6 months after the onset of pilomatricoma, with an average of 1.85 months. Ulceration occurred in 1 patient after the treatment with ichthammol, as well as in 3 patients after local scratching or bumping, and spontaneous ulceration without definite precipitating factors occurred in the remaining 25 patients. The average duration from the onset of disease to tumor perforation was 6.87 months. Skin lesions occurred on the face in 15 cases, on the lateral neck in 8, on the upper limb in 4, as well as on the scalp in 2. Perforating pilomatricoma clinically manifested as indurated subcutaneous nodules with crusts or ulcers, and was classified into 3 subtypes: ulcerative type (19 cases) , horny type (8 cases) , and crusted type (2 cases) . The tumor diameter ranged from 0.3 to 2.5 cm, with an average of 1.2 cm. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor was located in the superficial to middle dermis, and mainly consisted of basophils and ghost cells; in 19 cases, the tumor mass was extruded onto the skin surface through a perforated epidermal channel, and the epidermis around the perforation site was hyperplastic and invaginated into the dermis, forming epithelial tunnels surrounding the tumor; in 4 cases, the skin on the tumor surface was thinned and ruptured; in 6 cases, the perforation site could not be observed due to surgical separation of the epidermis and tumor. All lesions were resected, and no infection or recurrence was observed during the postoperative follow-up.Conclusions:Childhood perforating pilomatricoma mostly occurs on the face and neck, usually with rapid progress, and can be classified into ulcerative type, horny type and crusted type. Histological findings suggest that transepithelial elimination is an important mechanism underlying the occurrence of perforation in pilomatricoma.

Differential expression of microRNAs profile in the peripheral blood of children with drug-resistant epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To study the profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the peripheral blood of children with drug-resistant epilepsy, and to find diagnostic biomarkers for early identification of drug-resistant epilepsy in children.Methods:Retrospective study.Five peripheral blood samples were collected from children in drug-resistant epilepsy group (group R), drug-responsive epilepsy group (group F) composed of the children with epilepsy in pediatric neurology clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to June 2019 and healthy control group (group J) composed of healthy children who underwent physical examination in the children′s health care clinic at the same time for analyzing miRNA profiles by high-throughput sequencing.In addition, peripheral blood samples were collected from children in R′ group (5 cases), F′ group (7 cases) and J′ group (6 cases) similarly for validating expression levels of 11 candidate miRNAs by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted to analyze the diagnostic potential of 7 targeted miRNAs in distinguishing children with drug-resistant epilepsy from drug-responsive epilepsy.Target genes of the 7 validated miRNAs were predicted using online databases, which were then analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO). Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used for comparison among the three groups.Results:High-throughput sequencing found that compared with group F, there were 68 differentially expressed miRNAs in group R, involving 22 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated miRNAs.qPCR results showed that, expression trends of 7 miRNAs (let-7f, miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, and miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-100) were consistent with high-throughput sequencing results among the 11 selected miRNAs.ROC analysis found that when the cut-off values of miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-142-5p and miR-100 were greater than 0.56, 1.00, 3.17, 2.24, 2.09 and 0.59, respectively, their area under curve (AUC) (≥0.871), sensitivity (≥80.0%) and specificity (≥85.7%) were relatively high, which were expected to be diagnostic marker for drug-resistant epilepsy in children.Among them, the diagnostic potential of miR-125b-5p was the best.Bioinformatics analysis found that miR-125b-5p was enriched in the regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, pluripotent stem cell signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, sphingomyelin signaling pathway, neurotrophic protein signaling pathway and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway.Conclusions:The miRNA profile in the whole blood of children with drug-resistant epilepsy is significantly different from that in children with drug-responsive epilepsy.miR-125b-5p is expected to be a potential biomarker of drug-resistant epilepsy in children.

Clinical and laboratory features compared between JAK2 exon12 and JAK2 V617F mutated polycythemia vera / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To compare clinical and laboratory features between JAK2 exon12 and JAK2 V617F mutated polycythemia vera (PV) . Method: We collected data from 570 consecutive newly-diagnosed subjects with PV and JAK2 mutation, and compared clinical and laboratory features between patients with JAK2 exon12 and JAK2 V617F mutation. Results: 543 (95.3%) subjects harboured JAK2 V617F mutation (JAK2 V617F cohort) , 24 (4.2%) harboured JAK2 exon12 mutations (JAK2 exon12 cohort) , and 3 (0.5%) harboured JAK2 exon12 and JAK2 V617F mutations. The mutations in JAK2 exon12 including deletion (n=10, 37.0%) , deletion accompanied insertion (n=10, 37.0%) , and missense mutations (n=7, 25.9%) . Comparing with JAK2 V617F cohort, subjects in JAK2 exon12 cohort were younger [median age 50 (20-73) years versus 59 (25-91) years, P=0.040], had higher RBC counts [8.19 (5.88-10.94) ×10(12)/L versus 7.14 (4.11-10.64) ×10(12)/L, P<0.001] and hematocrit [64.1% (53.7-79.0%) versus 59.6% (47.2%-77.1%) , P=0.001], but lower WBC counts [8.29 (3.2-18.99) ×10(9)/L versus 12.91 (3.24-38.3) ×10(9)/L, P<0.001], platelet counts [313 (83-1433) ×10(9)/L versus 470 (61-2169) ×10(9)/L, P<0.001] and epoetin [0.70 (0.06-3.27) versus 1.14 (0.01-10.16) IU/L, P=0.002] levels. We reviewed bone marrow histology at diagnosis in 20 subjects with each type of mutation matched for age and sex. Subjects with JAK2 exon12 mutations had fewer loose megakaryocyte cluster (40% versus 80%, P=0.022) compared with subjects with JAK2 V617F. The median follow-ups were 30 months (range 4-83) and 37 months (range 1-84) for cohorts with JAK2 V617F and JAK2 exon12, respectively. There was no difference in overall survival (P=0.422) and thrombosis-free survival (P=0.900) . Conclusions: Compared with patients with JAK2 V617F mutation, patients with JAK2 exon12 mutation were younger, and had more obvious erythrocytosis and less loose cluster of megakaryocytes.

Reconsideration on the network behavior and health / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

With the rapid development of network technology and the situation of COVID-19 pandemic, the way people use the Internet has changed dramatically, causing the original network behavior to change again and again, and with its huge impact on people's mental and physical health.This paper deeply elaborate the connotation and development of network behavior and analyzes the impact of network behavior on people's health under COVID-19, then puts forward suggestions to speed up the construction of information infrastructure, strengthen network legislation, improve the information literacy of the whole population, and purify the network environment.

Effects of parental involvement on children s eye use behavior / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between parental involvement and the formation of good eye use behavior in children,and to provide theoretical basis for more accurate prevention and control of myopia.@*Methods@#A total of 2 726 children and their parents from 3 primary schools were selected from April to May 2021 by clustering sampling method. Children s ocular parameters, eye use behavior, general characteristics of parents, and parental involvement were collected through ocular measurements and questionnaires, respectively.@*Results@#Parental involvement was associated with family economic, parental education level, and parental myopic status( P <0.05). Children s myopia risk was associated with parental involvement: lower myopia risk was associated with frequent parental involvement in behavioral management of child sleep and child outdoor activities( P <0.01). Parents who always/frequently participate in the management of children s eye behavior have an average daily screen time of <2 h ( OR= 1.95 , 95%CI =1.31-2.90), and daily outdoor activity time>2 h ( OR=0.78, 95%CI =0.65-0.93), daily sleep time >8 h ( OR= 0.52 , 95%CI =0.40-0.68), daily continuous reading and writing time <1 h ( OR=1.33, 95%CI =1.30-1.56), reading and writing The distance from the desktop > 30 cm ( OR=0.57, 95%CI =0.34-0.95) had a statistically significant effect ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#High parental involvement may help school age children develop good eye habits and reduce the risk of childhood myopia. Parental involvement is higher among those who had myopia themselves, and parental involvement is positively associated with total household income and parental literacy.

Overview of systematic reviews of acupuncture for vascular cognitive impairment / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To overview the methodological quality, report quality and evidence quality of the systematic review (SR) of acupuncture for vascular cognitive impairment ( VCI ).@*METHODS@#The SRs regarding acupuncture for VCI were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang and VIP databases. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to September 24, 2020. The report quality, methodological quality and evidence quality of the included SRs were evaluated by PRISMA statement, the AMSTAR 2 tool and the GRADE system.@*RESULTS@#A total of 22 SRs were included, including 102 outcome indexes. The methodological quality was generally low, with low scores on items 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 15 and 16. The report quality was good, with scores ranging from 19 points to 24.5 points. The problems of report quality were mainly reflected in the aspects of structural abstract, program and registration, other analysis and funding sources. The level of outcome indexes of SRs was mostly low or very low, and the main leading factor was limitation, followed by inconsistency and inaccuracy.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture for VCI is supported by low quality evidence of evidence-based medicine, but the methodological quality and evidence body quality of relevant SRs are poor, and the standardization is needed to be improved.

Prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult professional athletesin Guangdong Province / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult professional athletes in Guangdong Province, so as to provide insights into dyslipidemia screening and health management among professional athletes.@*Methods@#In 2019, active athletes at ages of 18 to 30 years were recruited from 12 provincial sports teams in Guangdong Province using a cluster sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted to collect gender, age and sport items, and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected. The non-HDL-C level was calculated, and the gender- and sport item-specific prevalence of dyslipidemia was estimated.@*Results@#Totally 460 athletes were investigated, including 245 males (53.26%) and 215 females (46.74%), with a mean age of (21.91±2.77) years. The overall detection of dyslipidemia was 25.87%, and the detection rates of high TG, high TC, high LDL-C, low-HDL-C and high non-HDL-C were 20.22%, 5.87%, 13.04%, 3.26% and 9.57%, respectively. The detection rates of high TG (9.39% vs. 1.86%; χ2=11.743, P<0.05), low HDL-C (5.31% vs. 0.93%; χ2=6.951, P<0.05) and high non-HDL-C (12.24% vs. 6.51%; χ2=4.351, P<0.05) were significantly greater in men than in women, and the detection of high TC was lower in men than in women (17.96% vs. 22.79%; χ2=8.627, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the detection of dyslipidemia among athletes engaging in different sport items (χ2=47.552, P<0.05), and a high detection rate of dyslipidemia was seen in baseball athletes (34.29%), softball athletes (37.04%), shooting/archery athletes (52.73%).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 25.87% among adult professional athletes in Guangdong Province, and high TC in combination with high LDL-C were the predominant type of dyslipidemia. The management of blood lipids should be given a high priority to male athletes and baseball, softball and shooting/archery athletes.

Study on the protective effect of rapamycin-treated dendritic cells on transfusion-related acute lung injury after infection / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the viability of rapamycin-treated rapamycin-treated dendritic cells (DCs) in intervening transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) after infection. 【Methods】 1)The TRALI mouse model was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with anti-H2Kd antibody. The mice anal temperature and the wet/dry ratio of lung, kidney, spleen and brain tissues were measured. 2) Mouse bone marrow-derived DC cells were induced in vitro and treated with rapamycin (10nM) for 24h. 3) Mice were injected with or without rapamycin or rapamycin-treated DC, then injected with LPS intraperitoneally one hour later, finally injected with anti-H2Kd antibody 24 hours later to induce the onset of TRALI. The death situation of the mice was observed and recorded. The condition of mice after the onset of TRALI was analyzed by mouse body temperature, lung wet-dry ratio, and pleural effusion weight and lung histopathological sections. 【Results】 By comparing the induction effects of anti-H2Kd antibody solutions with different concentrations and volumes, the mouse model induced by 0.1mg/kg LPS combined with 4.5 mg/kg anti-H2Kd antibody (infusion volume of 100μL) was selected as the TRALI mouse model for this study. After the onset of TRALI, the wet/dry ratio of the lungs could be significantly increased and the body temperature could be significantly reduced in the model mice. After the intervention of TRALI mice with DCs treated with rapamycin, the mortality rate was significantly reduced, and the lung tissue lesions of the mice were significantly improved, whose protection effect was better than that of the rapamycin-treated group. Compared with the TRALI incidence group, the weight of pleural effusion in the intervention group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in lung wet/dry ratio and body temperature. 【Conclusion】 The combination of LPS and antibodies can effectively induce a stable and typical TRALI mouse model, suggesting that the presence of infectious inflammation and blood transfusion-related inflammatory substances are the decisive factor for the pathogenesis of TRALI. Meanwhile, DCs treated with rapamycin have a protective effect on post-infection transfusion-related acute lung injury, which is expected to be a potential cell therapy strategy to intervene in the exacerbation of TRALI.

Value of HDlive Flow in ultrasonographic prenatal diagnosis of velamentous placenta: analysis of 48 cases / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of HDlive Flow in prenatal diagnosis of the velamentous placenta.Methods:A total of 2 723 pregnant women underwent prenatal ultrasonography in the second trimester and delivered at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020, and 48 of them were diagnosed as having velamentous placenta confirmed by postpartum clinical and pathological examination and were included in this retrospective analysis. Two-dimensional echocardiography-color Doppler flow imaging (2D-CDFI) and HDlive Flow were both performed during the prenatal ultrasound examination. The sonographic features of velamentous placenta by HDlive Flow were summarized and the prenatal detection rate between two methods were compared using Chi-square test. Results:The incidence of velamentous placenta was 1.8% (48/2 723) in our hospital. Out of the 48 enrolled cases, 45 were diagnosed by HDlive Flow with a detection rate of 93.8% (45/48), three of them were complicated by vasa previa; the other three cases were misdiagnosed as battledore placenta. There were 38 cases diagnosed by 2D-CDFI with a detection rate of 79.2% (38/48), which was lower than HDlive Flow ( χ2=4.360, P=0.037); the other ten cases were misdiagnosed as battledore placenta. The sonographic features by HDlive Flow were as follow: (1) Umbilical cord attached to fetal membranes outside the placenta in 41 cases with the umbilical vessels distributing along the fetal membrane in a mesh pattern; (2) In three cases, the umbilical cord insertion was located on fetal membranes at the edge of placenta; (3) One case was shown that umbilical cord and the branches of umbilical vessels were inserted into the placenta in a "λ" shape. Conclusions:The anatomy of the umbilical cord, umbilical blood vessels and placenta can be directly shown under HDlive Flow, which can improve the prenatal detection rate of the velamentous placenta.

Clinical analysis of 14 children with cerebriform sebaceous nevus / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate clinical manifestations and histopathological features of and surgical timing for cerebriform sebaceous nevus.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 14 children with cerebriform sebaceous nevus in Beijing Children′s Hospital from June 2014 to December 2019, and clinical manifestations, histopathological features and surgical timing were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Of the 14 children, 10 were males and 4 were females. They presented with skin lesions at birth, which were solitary and located on the head and face. These skin lesions gave a cerebriform appearance, with an average diameter of 4.79 cm. Systemic examination showed no abnormality in any children. Histopathological examination showed obvious papillomatous epidermal hyperplasia, large number of mature sebaceous glands and immature hair follicles. The 14 children underwent surgeries at an average age of 1.94 years. No recurrence was observed during the follow-up of 6 months to 6 years after surgery.Conclusion:Cerebriform sebaceous nevus is characterized by a unique cerebriform appearance, mostly occurs on the head and face, and is liable to attract attention, which usually leads to an earlier surgical selection.

Analysis of risk factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 196 patients who underwent laparos-copy-assisted radical gastrectomy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2016 to March 2019 were collected. There were 144 males and 52 females, aged (61±10)years. Observation indicators: (1) early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy and treatment; (2) analysis of risk factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( P25,P75). Count data were represented as absolute numbers. Univariate analysis was conducted using the t test, Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Logistic regressional model. Results:(1) Early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy and treatment: 51 of 196 patients had early postoperative complications, including 7 cases of grade Ⅰ according to Clavien-Dindo classi-fication system, 32 cases of grade Ⅱ, 9 cases of grade Ⅲa, 3 cases of grade Ⅲb. There was no grade Ⅳ or Ⅴ complication. There were 25 cases with abdominal complications, 7 cases with thoracic complications, 3 cases with internal/catheter related complications and 16 cases with other unclassified complications. All patients with complications were improved after symptomatic and supportive treatments. (2) Analysis of risk factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy: results of univariate analysis showed that the lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, radiotherapy, operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, T stage, lymph node metastasis were related factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer ( Z=?2.048, χ2=6.385, 4.168, 8.068, 6.336, 12.497, 7.522, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio ≥1.96, operation time ≥222 minutes, and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for early complica-tions after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer ( odds ratio=2.279, 2.245, 2.226, 95% confidence interval as 1.149-4.519, 1.116-4.517, 1.125-4.402, P<0.05). Conclusions:The abdominal complications are the most common early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥1.96, operation time ≥222 minutes, and lymph node metastasis are independent risk factors for early complications after laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

Mechanism of Action of Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Prostatic Carcinoma： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Prostatic carcinoma （PCa） is one of the most common male malignancies， accounting for 10% of all male cancers， and has become a global health problem. At present， it is mainly tackled with radical prostatectomy and endocrine therapy. However， most patients will develop drug resistance， allowing the progression of PCa into castration-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC）. Guided by the principles of holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） alleviates cancer pain， regulates immune balance， and improves the quality of life of patients via multiple targets， multiple pathways， and multiple mechanisms without inducing obvious side effects， thus better exerting the preventive and therapeutic effects against PCa. This paper retrieved relevant articles concerning PCa intervention with TCM published in recent five years from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， and summarized the molecular mechanism of PCa， its etiology and pathogenesis in TCM， and TCM interventions. The findings showed that the active ingredients of Chinese medicinals， single Chinese medicinals and Chinese medicinal compounds inhibited PCa by interfering with not only the classical pathways of PCa such as androgen receptor（AR）， Wnt/β-catenin， PI3K/Akt/mTOR， and NF-κB but also other pathways like ERS/UPR， RIPK， CIP2A/PP2A/ERK， EGFR， etc. The intervention of active ingredients from Chinese medicinals in PCa has been explored extensively， but there are fewer studies on single Chinese medicinals and Chinese medicinal compounds that can better reflect the unique advantages of TCM. Further research is needed to provide an important theoretical and experimental basis for the development of novel anti-PCa Chinese medicinal products and their clinical application.